Introduction to CO2 Fractional Laser Therapy

CO2 fractional laser is a minimally invasive dermatological procedure that delivers precise thermal energy to the skin, stimulating collagen remodeling and tissue regeneration. This guide covers indications, pre/post-treatment protocols, and expected outcomes for practitioners and patients.

1. Clinical Applications

• Skin Rejuvenation: Addresses fine lines, textural irregularities, and mild photodamage.
• Scar Revision: Effective for acne scars, surgical scars, and stretch marks.
• Hyperpigmentation: Targets solar lentigines and melasma (with caution in darker skin types).
• Benign Lesions: Removes seborrheic keratoses and viral warts.

Contraindications: Active infections, keloid tendencies, or recent isotretinoin use (<6 months).

2. Pre-Treatment Preparation

• Patient Assessment:
  • Fitzpatrick skin type classification (prefer types I-IV).
  • Detailed history of photosensitivity and medications.
• Skin Preparation:
  • 4 weeks of sunscreen (SPF 30+).
  • Discontinue retinoids/chemical peels 1 week prior.

3. Procedure Parameters

4. Post-Treatment Care

• Immediate Phase (0–3 days):
  • Erythema and edema (cold compresses help).
  • Occlusive dressing (e.g., Vaseline) to prevent crusting.
• Recovery Phase (4–7 days):
  • Gentle cleansers; avoid scrubbing.
  • Strict sun avoidance.

Expected Downtime: 3–7 days for re-epithelialization.

5. Complications & Management

• Hypopigmentation: More common in darker skin types (manage with lower energy).
• Infection: Rare; treat with topical antibiotics if signs appear.
• Persistent Erythema: Usually resolves in 2–4 weeks.

6. Efficacy & Maintenance

Optimal results require 3–5 sessions spaced 4–6 weeks apart. Long-term maintenance may involve annual touch-ups.